Response of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Vegetables and Fruits to Environmental Factors

This review focused on the influence of environmental systems and/or factors including high tunnel, UV and visible light, fertilization, and irrigation on bioactive compounds in vegetables and fruits. Most studies reported that high tunnel reduced chicoric acid and luteolin in vegetables including lettuce and pac choi, and fruits including raspberry and tomato versus open field, although a few studies demonstrated that high tunnel did not significantly impact on the bioactive compounds. Light including UV such as photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), UV-A, and UV-B, and visible light especially red and blue light, significantly stimulated biosynthesis of anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolics, and promoted their contents in vegetables such as onion and spinach, and fruits for example blueberry and strawberry. The effect of fertilization including nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on bioactive phytochemicals (carotenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols) in vegetables (broccoli, kale) or fruits (tomato) varied among the cultivars. Water deficit usually increased anthocyanins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids in vegetables such as lettuce and red beet, and fruits including grape and pomegranate. Taken together, the bioactive compounds in vegetables and fruits in response to environmental factors were species- and varieties- dependent. The negative effect of environmental factors on bioactive compounds in vegetables and fruits can be overcome by selecting appropriate cultivars, while the positive effect can be further manipulated in horticultural production for potential consumer’s health benefits.

Dilemma of psychological crisis intervention and coping strategies among college students / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#During the past few years, mental health crisis of college students has occurred frequently which significantly increased the expectations and requirements of mental health education and counseling in colleges and universities. After the promulgation and implementation of the National Mental Health Law, higher requirements have been put forward for the mental health education of college students, especially for the intervention of college students’ psychological crisis. It makes fundamental work in college mental health education and counselling more difficult and confusing in terms of the definition of mental health problems diagnosis and treatment, the appropriate place and context of mental health counseling, school management and the balance of students’ rights and interests. The consulting qualification of consultants in colleges and universities is facing difficulties and challenges. This paper expounds the function and influence of "Mental Health Law" on college students’ psychological crisis intervention, and defines the boundary between psychological consultation and psychotherapy. This paper proposes establishment of an effective psychological crisis intervention system, including clarification in the responsibility of mental health education in colleges and universities, implementation the combination of medicine and education, perfecting the rules and regulations of mental health education in colleges and universities, and improvement in the ability to deal with psychological crisis, which sheds lights on mental health education system for college students.